Introduction   The manufacturing industry is experiencing a paradigm shift driven by artificial intelligence. While robotics, predictive maintenance, and supply chain analytics often dominate the discussion, one of the less talked about but highly impactful areas is factory layout optimization. Poorly designed layouts often result in wasted floor space, bottlenecks, inefficient

Introduction   The manufacturing industry is experiencing a paradigm shift driven by artificial intelligence. While robotics, predictive maintenance, and supply chain analytics often dominate the discussion, one of the less talked about but highly impactful areas is factory layout optimization. Poorly designed layouts often result in wasted floor space, bottlenecks, inefficient